Hyperpigmentation is darkening of the skin and it is commonly caused by high melanin level. Melanin gives color to your hair, skin and eyes. Melanin level can be affected by trauma, aging, diseases, pregnancy and excessive exposure to sunlight, causing unsightly brown spots.
The causes of melanin disorder can be internal or external. Internal causes are inborn and they are especially common for people with dark skin tone.
External causes include exposure to chemicals like progesterone. Estrogen, minocycline, betaxolol and sunlight.
Ultraviolet rays cause strains, spots and freckles which can cause permanent or temporary discoloration. They are common on skin areas that are exposed to sun (face and hands).
Surgeries or traumas also cause hyperpigmentation, but the spots remain even when the condition improves.
Melasma is skin discoloration during pregnancy, but it sometimes affects men. The spots appear on the cheeks and nose, and this phenomenon is commonly known as the “pregnancy mask.” However, the spots disappear after labor.